Marxist Critique Of The Communist Manifesto, Marx And Engels

Mill’s Liberal Response to Marx’s Communist Critique of Capitalism Yujun Huang In The Communist Manifesto, Marx and Engels present the flaws of the modern capitalistic society by pointing out its unfair ruling class, the phenomenon of alienation, and excessive individuality in order to emphasize the aim of Communism of eliminating economic gaps between the social classes. According to On Liberty, Mill would respond to Marx by agreeing with Marx’s fundamental ideals and disagree with his socialist methods. Marx opposes a tyrannical government, objects alienation, and supports less individuality within the society; Mill resonances with Marx’s overall goal of achieving an ideal society that represents equality and classlessness, but his liberal ideology proves that he would disapprove of Marx’s proposed solutions to the issues of capitalism. Therefore, the similarities between Marx and Mill’s ideologies do not suggest that Marx and Mill have the same belief. It is the difference between their implementations to achieve the same end goal of social progress towards more freedom that marks the divergence between Communism and Liberalism. Marx criticizes the capitalist government’s way of acting in favor of the higher social class. As a solution to this problem, Marx urges for a fairer and more powerful government, because he believes that the role of the government is crucial to social progress. Mill would disagree with Marx’s method, since he advocates for non-interferenceShow MoreRelatedMarx And Engels s Critique And Critique Of Capitalism1669 Words   |  7 PagesThe specialised critique of capitalism found in the Communist Manifesto (written by Karl Marx and Fredrick Engels), provides a basis for the analysis and critique of the capitalist system. Marx and Engels wrote about economical in relation to the means or mode of production, ideology, alienation and most fundamentally, class relations (particularly between the bourgeoisie and the proletariat). Collectively, these two men created the theory of Marxism. There are multiple critiques of Marxism thatRead MoreThe Basic Concepts Of Marxism1460 Words   |  6 Pagespresent day, but in a different form and scale from antagonism Marx described during his time. Having mentioned Occupy Wall Street, a clear present day example of class antagonism, I would like to argue that Marxism is still very relevant in the 21st century, serving as a crucial political and social idea that shapes our present. To present my arguments, I will first retrace the basic concepts of Marxism, and elaborate on how of some Marxist ideas still apply to the present day. Strong connections canRead MoreMarxist Approach to History and Politics2584 Words   |  11 PagesTheory of Value, Class Antagonisms and the Means of Production are all terms which are central to the revolutionary ideals of Karl Marx and are still widely used and referred to in contemporary political thought.   However, when considering how one can assess the Marxist paradigm on history and politics, there must be an understanding of the circumstances in which Karl Marx, one of the greatest political thinkers of the 19th century, was faced with. As many great political thinkers before and after himRead MoreThe Russian Revolution Of 19171563 Words   |  7 Pagesof the Communist Manifesto directly influenced the Bolsheviks. Instead they modified Marx’s teachings, because Lenin believed Marx’s plans were created specifically for Germany, and because Russia had not achieved the high level of industrialization needed for a full proletariat revolution. As a result, the literal teachings of the Communist Manifesto were lost in the whirl of Lenin’s socialist dictatorship and Bolshevik propaganda, but in the end, Russia was still moving towards communist goals.Read MoreThe Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne1389 Words   |  6 Pagesclass relations and societal conflict, which can be used to analyze The Scarlet Letter by Nathaniel Hawthorne. Karl Heinrich Marx was born in Prussia on May 5, 1818 to Heinrich and Henrietta Marx. He explored sociopolitical theories and became a journalist creating socialist writings causing him to be banished from Germany and France. Marx is the creator of the Communist Manifesto which was published in the year 1848 and lived his last days in london where he wrote the first volume of Das Kapital. HisRead More Marxism Politcial Economy Essay2251 Words   |  10 PagesAccording to Marxist political economy, exploitation is the key factor which underpins the very fundamentals of society. By this Marxists believe exploitation is more than simply an economic phenomenon, but instead a norm created through false consciousness, which has infested itself within all aspects of society; stretching from the state, to the very structure of the social system. Marx emphasis on exploitation lies in his belief that the value of a ‘commodity’ is purely derived from the accumulatedRead MoreEssay about Karl Marxs The Communist Manifesto1261 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marxs The Communist Manifesto The Communist Manifesto written by Karl Marx and Frederick Engels formulates the basic concepts of Communism. Faith and reason can be used to explain parts of this document. The Communist Manifesto has definite views dealing with faith, and along with this, religion. In the Manifesto, Marx states that religion is not needed in Communism because a society under Communism is classless. Marx uses reason to explain what will happen to society due to theRead MoreKarl Marxs Views on Religion1903 Words   |  8 PagesKarl Marx has greatly influenced the creation of the modern world and was one of the first revolutionary communist. Through his literary works and philosophies he helped to inspire many 20th century communist regimes including the Soviet Union, China, Cuba, and North Korea. Marx’s ideas did not end at communism; his religious ideology also helped shape and mold the 20th century world. Karl Marx was born in 1818 in Trier, Germany and died in 1883. He was a philosopher who turned to economicsRead MoreKarl Marx And The German Political System1427 Words   |  6 PagesKarl Marx was born on May 5th 1818 in Trier, Germany, which was then known as the Kingdom of Prussia. Karl was a philosopher, economist, sociologist, journalist, and revolutionary socialist. His work in economics laid the basis for much of the current understanding of labor and it’s relation to capital, and subsequent economic thought. He was born into a wealthy upper middle-class family. He attended school at the University of Bonn and later he studied law and philosophy at the University of BerlinRead MoreMarxist Theory On Capitalism And Communism1468 Words   |  6 PagesMARXIST MATERIALISM Marx was a philosopher and economist. He developed the concept of materialism to study the material things in society, i.e. the economy, that shape and affect the social life of individuals. Marx studied the work of Hegel, however rejected his predecessor’s focus on ideals because he recognized an essential connection with the problems of society and individuals and the material conditions of the society (Ritzer 2011: 21). Marx employed materialism in two facets of his theoretical

What Messages Can We Observe Nonverbally - 2420 Words

What messages can we observe nonverbally? As discussed in class, non-verbal communication can send stronger relational messages in many cases than verbal messages alone. With every culture having norms relating to non-verbal communication, a lot can be lost or forgotten in translation with many being left solely up to personal interpretation. Some mild examples of non-verbal communication are, smiling or making eye contact, facing a certain way in the elevator, moving or making room when passing someone, smiling apologetically for almost bumping into someone. Why are norms important? Norms are important because it helps to keep people grounded, in such a way so as to use discipline for actions dictated by laws, and social expectancies.†¦show more content†¦I also believed it would be a good place to see what norms people are violating unknowingly. People in general relay a great deal of information without even speaking; this is called nonverbal communication, and at the mall there is no exception. Nonverbal communication are â€Å"messages expressed by nonlinguistic means† (Adler, Proctor 188). Nonverbal communication transport just as much meaning as written or verbal communication. we as human beings can read and react to these nonverbal signals sometimes faster than verbal ones. Body language is a key type of nonverbal communication that includes body movement or gestures, which is called kinesics. Kinesics â€Å"is the study of body position and motion† (Adler, Proctor 198). There are several possible signs that can be communicated through body movements. Also, the movements we make can provide nonverbal cues given through facial expressions, eye contact, or touch, these can all influence or illicit individual interactions. I’m expecting to see at least one person break a norm unwittingly, whether t hrough invading personal space or by, walking the wrong side of the stairs, possibly even someone doing an act of kindness. For this observation at Westfarms mall I decided to sit in the lower level of Center Court, where Starbucks is located. I went on a busy Saturday afternoon around 2:00 pm. I knew there would be a lot of people because I used to work at the mall and Saturday is the busiest

quot;Sense and Sensibilityquot; by Jane Austen Essay...

Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen Jane Austen was born at Steventon, Hampshire, on 16 December 1775. She was the seventh of eight children of Reverend George and Cassandra Leigh Austen. Austen was very closed to her by three years elder sister, Cassandra, who was the only person that Jane wanted read her written work and constantly asked for her opinion. (Magill Critical Survey of Short Fiction 119-120)p From about the time she was twelve years old, Austen began writing spirited parodies of the popular Gothic and sentimental fiction of the day for the amusement of her family, but her attempts at more sustained and serious work began around 1794. At first the form of her work was a novel in letters, which was a popular form at†¦show more content†¦She published her book in 1811, as an anonymous author, for the publication of which she paid with her own money, but the novel as she herself says, brought her #163; 140, besides the copyright, if that should be of any value (273).p There are many people who claim that Jane Austen in Sense and Sensibility, writes about her own life, since it is a story of a family consisted of four women: Mrs. Dashwood and her three daughters, Elinor, Marianne and Margaret, that resembles very much the Austen household which included Mrs. Austen, Jane, Cassandra and their single friend Martha Lloyd (Tamm 397). In addition, they argue that Marianne, one of the heroines of the novel, has many of Janes qualities and that Elinor, Mariannes elder sister, is very much alike to Austens elder sister Cassandra. Jane Austen was a very sensitive person with outward demonstration of her feelings, contrary to her sister Cassandra, who was of colder and calmer disposition ... always prudent and well judging (Austen - Leigh 282). Furthermore, Jane and Marianne are both fond of music, play the pianoforte and admire the same poet, Cowper, while Cassandra and Elinor both share the same love of painting and draw very well. The similarity in the ch aracters of the Austen sisters, with that of Marianne and Elinor, made some people, who knew the family slightly, surmise that the two elder Miss Dashwoods were in reality Jane and Cassandra, declaring that CassandraShow MoreRelatedEssay about Feminism in Jane Austen1034 Words   |  5 Pages Feminism in Jane Austen quot;I often wonder how you can find time for what you do, in addition to the care of the house; and how good Mrs. West could have written such books and collected so many hard works, with all her family cares, is still more a matter of astonishment! Composition seems to me impossible with a head full of joints of mutton and doses of rhubarb.quot; -- Jane Austen, letter of September 8 1816 to Cassandra quot;I will only add in justice to men, that though to the largerRead More Mansfield Park, the novel, or Mansfield Park the film? Essay1842 Words   |  8 Pages There have been many adaptations of Jane Austens books over the years; all six of her novels have been made into films or television dramas with varying degrees of success, from the classics of Persuasion, Pride amp; Prejudice and Sense amp; Sensibility, to the funny modern version of Emma in the form of Clueless. In this paper I want to show how director Patricia Rozema has made Austens novel Mansfield Park much more modern, accessible, and, as some claim, radical, by skipping parts of theRead MoreEssay about Persevering Literature942 Words   |  4 Pages The novel Sense and Sensibility was truly a masterpiece. Written by Jane Austen this ironic love story has captured the heart of readers for years. The popularity of Austen as a novelist can now be experienced through film. This book has been adapted into various scree nplays, including one by Emma Thompson. Another version of the film was done by the BBC. Perhaps it is the manner in which it was filmed, the character choices or other aspects of the films that make them so different. Though theyRead More Sense And Sensibility Book Review Essay1706 Words   |  7 Pages Book Report - Sense and Sensibility 1.) In Jane Austen, Sense and Sensibility, the title is a metaphor for the two main characters Elinor and Marianne. Elinor represents sense and Marianne represents sensibility.We find out early that Elinor does not share her feelings. When Edward comes into the story, there was an immediate attraction. She tells no one of her feelings. It was just assumed that they are meant for each other. When Edward has to leave, Elinor says nothing. Edward does promise he

Stakeholder in a Business free essay sample

If a customer’s concern was that the product they want to buy is never in stock Tesco’s aim would then be to make sure they always had products in stock and on the shelves. Customer comments make the most impact because they are telling Tesco’s exactly what it is doing wrong and what needs to be done to improve it so Tesco is encouraged to improve their store for the sake of their customers. They have a big influence on the store because if Tesco’s did not listen to their concerns it would lose customers and sales which could go to other competitors. Customers are split into socio economic groups based on he occupation of the head of the household. It is used to see how people in different socio economic groups react to the same stimuli. The first 3 socio economic groups A, B and C1 will shop at Harrods because they have better more professional jobs which in return they will have more money so they like the finer things in life so therefore shop at Harrod s. The last 3 socio economic groups C2, D and E will shop at Tescos because they have average jobs and are likely to be on minimum wage and Tesco if affordable so will therefore shop there. The groups are as followed: Socio economic group| Occupation| Tesco or Harrods| A| Higher managerial, administrative, professional example surgeon| Harrods| B| Intermediate managerial, administrative, professional example bank manager and teacher| Harrods| C1| supervisory, clerical, junior managerial example shop floor supervisor, bank clerk, sales person| Harrods| C2| skilled manual workers example electrician or carpenter| Tesco| D| Semi skilled and unskilled manual workers example assembly line worker, refuse collector, messenger| Tesco| E| Casual labourers, pensioners, unemployed example pensioners without private pensions and anyone living on basic benefits| Tesco| Customers of Tesco and Harrods could complain or give feedback in store or online and the business would do their best to fix these problems in order for the business to run at its full potential. (B) Employees Employees are an important stakeholder to Tesco because without them there would be no one to sell the products. Their job affects the growth of the business because if they do their job well and sell the products the business will bring in money. Employees depend on the business to make sure they are working in a clean and safe environment, there is job security and opportunities for promotion and discounts. Employees can also affect the business if they go on strike because then the business would have no workers to help the business run. They also want the business to do well so they can keep their job because if the business wasn’t doing well it might have to lose workers or close completely. Employees can also have an effect on the business if they let their personal life get in the way of their job. Relationships and emotions can cause an employee not to put their full effort into the job which could result in poor sales and losing customers. It is vital Tescos employees put all their effort into their jobs so the business excels. The employees at Tesco’s and Harrods could potentially quit their job if they feel they are not getting treated properly so it is a main priority that the employees are a big priority to the business. For the employees to be treated well at Tesco they want 24 hour security to make sure they are always safe, to know that anything personal is kept confidential and that they get a fair income for the work that they do. Employees at Tesco will be much different to employees at Harrods and they will both want different things. C) Suppliers Suppliers supply the products and services to a business. They can affect the running of a business if the products are not supplied on time. Not having stock on the shelves could lead customers to competitors. The suppliers want to have a long term contract with the businesses so they know they are always in business and will never lose money. The suppliers can affect the time, quantity, quality and cost of a product. Without suppliers the business could not guarantee that it will always have sufficient high quality materials. It is important that the business maintain good quality relationships with the suppliers so that raw materials and components can be ordered and delivered at short notice. The suppliers of Tescos and Harrods need to maintain their standard if they want to keep contracted with the business losing customers would affect the sales of the suppliers and also the running of the business. (D) Owners Owners and shareholders are interested in the business because they will be interest in their dividends and capital growth of their shares. Shareholders also have the power to elect the managing directors who make the decisions for the business. Owners have a big say in the aims and objectives of the business and how they should be decided. The shareholders can receive return in two ways. Firstly by a rise in the share price, so that they can sell their shares at a higher price than the purchase price known as capital gain and secondly based on the level of profits for the year, the company issues a portion of this to each shareholder for every share that they hold called a dividend. Below I have a copy of the major shareholders of Tesco. Harrods is a private limited company therefore is owned fully by quartar holdings. (E) Pressure groups Pressure groups are interested in whether the business is acting appropriately towards their area of interest. They are organisations of people who believe in the same cause. They have strongly held views and wish to influence some aspect of the society. These groups of people have more affect to the business than just one individual. Pressure groups have the right to criticise the government, hold meetings, protest and be able to have their views broadcasted and heard by the media. Pressure groups have to inform the local authorities and police to let them know they are going to protest. Pressure groups can protest in a number of different ways such as Internet, petition, letters and mass media. These can have a big effect9i on the public and if large numbers of people protest this could lead to the business changing. Pressure groups at Tesco’s will campaign for Tesco’s to stock fair trade products because they believe the workers are getting paid a fair price. (F) Trade unions Trade unions represent the interest of workers. Their main priorities are to guide, protect, help and support fellow workers. This creates a group of professionals wanting a say in their profession making individuals power stronger. They aim to achieve common goals such as protecting the integrity of its trade, achieving higher pay and increasing the number of employees. Trade unions originated in Europe and then they became popular in many countries during the industrial revolution because many workers were mistreated and underpaid. Trade unions may enforce strike or resistance to lockouts in furtherance of particular goals. Trade unions can also promote legislations favourable to the interests of their work members. Trade unions can provide benefits such as to insure members of unemployment, old age and funeral expenses. If trade unions put forward they wanted a pay rise of 5% there would be negotiation on both sides, the case would be unlikely but they could reduce the pay rise to 2. 5%. In France, Germany and other European countries, socialist’s parties and democrats played a prominent role in forming and building up trade unions. Trade unions have been said to have ineffective policies on racism and sexism, such that a union is justified in not supporting a member taking action against another member. The 4 main trade unions in the UK are: * General unions – these are for skilled and unskilled workers performing different jobs in different industries such as cleaners and transport workers * Industrial unions – these are for different workers in the same industry example the national union of miners covering workers at all levels in the hierarchy. Craft unions – these are fairly small unions for skilled workers performing the same or similar work in different industries such as musicians. * White-collar unions – these are for professional workers who perform the same or similar tasks in the same industry example teachers or scientists. (G) Local and nationals communities The community have an interest for the business because they get their products and services from them and they l ook for jobs from them. The community can have a big say on where the businesses location will be and expects the business to be environmentally friendly and as less disruptive as possible. The community have a big impact on the business because it is them that are customers to the business. If a new business was placed in a small community such as Tesco’s it could put other small businesses out of business example butchers, corner shops which could then affect the community if there shops that they shop at regularly have been put out of business due to this one store. (H) Governments Governments have an interest in the business because they collect tax from them. The government can affect the business in many ways such as businesses have to pay a variety of taxes to central and local governments including corporation tax on their profits, VAT on their sales and business rated to the local council for provision of local services. Businesses can also benefit from government incentives and initiatives, such as new infrastructure, job creation schemes and business relocation packages, offering cheap rent, rates and low interest loans. Tesco’s and Harrods have to work with certain acts of parliament such as the; 1. The employment relations bill, 1999 which states that employees who have been in employment with the same business for a period of one year have the right not to be unfairly dismissed. 2. The employment rights act 1996, which covers unfair dismissal, redundancy and maternity. 3. The sex discrimination act 1975, which states that it is illegal to discriminate against, an employee based on their gender or marital status. 4. The disability discrimination act, 1995 stating that is illegal for a business with more than 20 employees to discriminate against an employee or applicant or a job who may be disabled. Conflict between stakeholders * The local community can often suffer at the hands of a large business. Things such as pollution, noise, congestion and the building of new factories can lead the community to complain and if the business faces strong protests from residents and pressure groups it could cause the business to relocate o shut down meaning people would be unemployed. * Levels of authority can cause conflict between stakeholders. Example, a manager may not feel it has to respect and follow anything an employee says because they are lower and less important them then. There can be conflict between owners and employees if they feel they are not getting fair pay or bonuses. To keep the employees happy you need to build up trust and offering higher benefits and award programmes will assure this. * Suppliers and owners can have conflict if the products and services are not delivered correctly or on time. If a product was not delivered on time and the shelves were out of stock of that product the customers would have to go to competitors and the business would lose out on sales. Conclusion To sum it up stakeholders are very important for Tescos and Harrods to run efficiently and smoothly. Without the stakeholders the business wouldn’t have the money to run and they would not be as successful as they are today. To conclude stakeholders are one of the key factors to a business’s success or failure. The customers are Tescos and Harrods main stakeholders and these have the power to determine whether the business is a success or failure. The employees must do their job properly to retain customer happiness and ensure they will come back. Suppliers are an important stakeholder to the company and must maintain good relationships which will result in a less amount of problems and faster service. The owners are the heart of Tescos and Harrods and their decisions can affect many things in the business. They have to make sure their decisions will not result in a downfall of customers or cause problems with other stakeholders. Pressure groups must be listened to in order for the businesses to know what to improve on and what other stakeholders want from them. Trade unions are also an important stakeholder because company’s want to know what their workers want in order for them to do their best ability when doing their job. These stakeholders all must work together in order for the business to run smoothly. One problem can complicate relationships between other stakeholders which can put a stop to the business. Recommendations * I recommend that Tescos and Harrods listen to customer concerns and take them on board, acting on them to the extent that customers stop complaining, because they are the main source of income and they are vital to the business. I recommend that Tescos and Harrods treat all employees fairly and listen to what they want so they are treated with respect. If all the employees get what they want it makes sure that they are comfortable when doing their job and there will be no complaints. * I recommend that suppliers keep a good relationship with the business so they maintain a contract with them that will always keep them in business. Doing this will also return in the businesses favour because if Tesco needed something on short notice the suppliers might be able to get the product to them quicker.